hand in glove
hand in glove (idiom)
/ˌhænd ɪn ˈɡlʌv/
Variant
Meaning
- Work very closely and harmoniously with someone, often with shared goals.
- Be in close collusion or secret cooperation, especially in a suspicious or unethical way.
- Operate as an inseparable pair with perfect coordination or compatibility.
- Collaborate intimately with another person or group, often behind the scenes.
- Function in perfect sync, as if designed to complement one another.
- Be secretly allied or in conspiratorial partnership with someone.
Example Sentences
- The marketing team worked hand in glove with the designers to launch the new campaign.
- The corrupt officials were found to be hand in glove with the local mafia.
- These two departments function hand in glove despite being in different locations.
- The spy acted hand in glove with the foreign agency.
- His business strategy fits hand in glove with the company’s vision.
- She worked hand in glove with the project manager to meet every deadline.
Origin and History
Metaphorical Foundations
The idiom “hand in glove” metaphorically represents a close, harmonious, and often secretive relationship between two parties. The imagery of a hand fitting snugly into a glove conveys the idea of two entities working together seamlessly, whether in cooperation or collusion. This metaphor has been utilized in English to describe relationships that are intimate and perfectly coordinated.
Early Usage and Evolution
The expression has evolved over time, with its earliest forms appearing in English literature. One of the earliest recorded instances is found in John Ray’s 1678 collection of proverbs, where it appeared as “hand and glove.” The phrase “hand in glove” gained prominence in the 18th century, with notable usage in Jonathan Swift’s “Polite Conversation” around 1738. The Oxford English Dictionary cites an even earlier usage in 1737 by E. Smith.
Cultural and Historical Context
In 15th-century England, gloves were often symbolic of agreements and social status. The act of presenting a glove could signify a challenge or a pact, embedding the glove as a symbol of commitment and association. This cultural backdrop likely influenced the idiom’s connotation of close association.
Variants and Usage
The idiom has several variants, including “hand and glove,” which was more prevalent in earlier usage. Over time, “hand in glove” became the dominant form, especially in contexts implying secretive or collusive relationships. The phrase has been used in both positive contexts, indicating close cooperation, and negative ones, suggesting conspiracy or unethical collaboration.
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